مطالعه کیفی علائم اختلالات هیجانی در برخی از اقوام ایرانی
محورهای موضوعی :
مصطفی زارعان
1
(دانشگاه تبریز)
شهریار شهیدی
2
(دانشگاه شهید بهشتی)
فونز وان دی فایفر
3
(دانشگاه تیلبرگ، هلند)
محسن دهقانی
4
(دانشگاه شهید بهشتی)
کلید واژه: ابعاد فرهنگی, اضطراب افسردگی, اختلالات هیجانی, ایران,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف پژوهش حاضر مطالعه ابعاد فرهنگی اضطـراب و افسردگی در سه قومیت آذری، کرد، و فارس است. در یک پژوهش مقطعیِ کیفی، تعداد 44 فردِ مبتلا به اختلالات هیجانی وارد مطالعه شدند و در مصاحبة عمیق انفرادی با محورهای ادراک مشکلات هیجانی، عوامل آنها، و رفتارهای جستجوی مراقبت بهداشتی، شرکت کردند. تکنیک تحلیل محتوای مرسوم برای دستیابی به نتایج تحقیق به کار گرفته شد. نتایج اولیه از شباهت نسبی مقوله های گزارش شده در سه قوم خبر داد که بیشتر در سه مقولة هیجان منفی، جسمانی سازی و شناخت معیوب خلاصه می شدند. عوامل ادراک شده برای اختلالات هیجانی شامل فرایندهای روان شناختی و پس از آن، ترکیبی از عوامل اجتماعی و محیطی هستند. مقوله های سه قوم مجموعه ناهمگونی از سازه های روان شناختی را تشکیل می دهند. این امر لزوم در نظر گرفتن متغیرهای بافتاری همچون فرهنگ و قومیت را، در ارزیابی، تشخیص، و درمان اختلالات هیجانی مورد تأکید قرار میدهد.
The present study aimed to investigate the cultural dimensions of anxiety and depression in Azeri, Kurd, and Fars (Persian) ethnic groups in Iran. In a cross sectional qualitative design, 44 individuals with emotional problems participated in an in-depth interview including perceptions of emotional disorders, their causal factors, and help seeking behaviors. Data were analyzed using conventional content analysis. Primary findings represented relative similarity between these three groups in the reported themes, which could be summarized in three main themes, namely negative emotionality, somatization, and maladaptive cognition. Perceived etiological factors for emotional disorders included more psycho-logical processes rather than social and environmental components. The extracted themes consisted of a heterogeneous set of psychological constructs, and provided further evidence to reiterate the importance of contextual variables such as culture and ethnicity in assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of emotional disorders.
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