List of articles (by subject) psychology
-
Open Access Article
1 - Role of Basic Psychological Needs in Relationship Between Interpersonal Dependency and Mental Health
Nima Ghorbani Atena Heidari reza purhoseinThe aim of the present study was to explore the role of basic psychological needs in the relation between interpersonal dependency and mental health. To do so, 251 male and female psychology students of University of Tehran participated in the study. The sampling method MoreThe aim of the present study was to explore the role of basic psychological needs in the relation between interpersonal dependency and mental health. To do so, 251 male and female psychology students of University of Tehran participated in the study. The sampling method was non-random and available. Participants provided self-reports on Interpersonal Dependency Inventory, Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction, Satisfaction With Life Questionnaire, and Anxiety and Depression Questionnaire. To analyze the data, the statistical methods of computing mean standard deviation, correlation coefficients and structural equation methods were used. The results showed that the need for autonomy, competency, and the relatedness play a mediating role between types of dependency with life satisfaction, anxiety, and depression. Satisfaction of relatedness and competency mode-rates the relationship between types of dependency and all health variables, and Satisfaction of competency moderates the relation-ship between types of dependency and all health variables except the relationship bet-ween exploitable dependency and depression. Therefore, the results imply that basic psycho-logical needs are important in improving psychological health of individuals; Moreover, targeting these mediating variables can reduce symptoms in individuals, because it is more feasible and achievable than changing the quality of dependency Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Effectiveness of Compassion-Focused Therapy on Distress Tolerance and Relationship Attributions in Divorcing Women
Vida Azari Kobra Kazemian moghadam Mahnaz Mehrabizadeh Honarmand: The present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of compassion-focused therapy on distress tolerance and relationship attributions in divorced women. It was a quasi-experimental study with pretest, post-test and control group design. The statistical po More: The present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of compassion-focused therapy on distress tolerance and relationship attributions in divorced women. It was a quasi-experimental study with pretest, post-test and control group design. The statistical population of the study included all divorced women in Behbahan in 2020. The samples of this study consisted of 30 divorced women (15 in experimental group, and 15 in control group) who were selected through convenience sampling method and according to the inclusion criteria. The experimental group participated in eight ninety-minute sessions during two months while the control group didn’t receive this intervention during the conduction of the study. Distress Tolerance Scale (DTS) and Relation-ship Attribution Measurement (RAM) were the applied questionnaires. Data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate analysis of covariance. The results showed that compassion-focused therapy has been effective on distress tolerance and relationship attributions (P<0/001). According to the findings of the present study, compassion-focused therapy can be suggested as an efficient method in order to increase distress tolerance and relationship attributions in divorced women. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Effectiveness of Excitement Regulation Program by Emotional Schematic Therapy Method on Distress Tolerance and Empowerment of Mothers with Autistic Children
Naser Yousefi Arman Azizi Masoud Sadeghi Ghaffar Nasiri Hanis Loghman Bajelani Peyman Khorshidi Seyede Samire HoseiniThis study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of an emotion regulation pro gram using emotional schema therapy on distress tolerance and empowerment of mothers of children with autistic disorder. The research method was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest and MoreThis study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of an emotion regulation pro gram using emotional schema therapy on distress tolerance and empowerment of mothers of children with autistic disorder. The research method was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest and a control group. The statistical population of this study included all mothers of children with autism disorder in Isfahanin. Sampling was done through available sampling method, and forty people were randomly selected and assigned to experimental and control groups. The independent variable of the emotion regulation training program based on Leahy's emotional schema therapy method was administered, in 8 sessions for the experimental group. The distress Tolerance Scale (DTS) and Family Empowerment Scale (FES) were the instruments of the study. For data analysis, analysis of covariance was used. The results indicated that an emotion regulation training program based on Leahy's emotional schema therapy improved the empowerment and distress tolerance in mothers of children with autistic disorder (P<0.01) Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Group Therapy on Binge Eating and Body Image Concerns in Sufferers of Binge Eating Disorder
Sadrollah Khosravi sahar esmaeiliThe purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of acceptance and commitment therapy on binge eating and body image concerns in sufferers of binge eating disorder. The research method was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest with experimental and control gro MoreThe purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of acceptance and commitment therapy on binge eating and body image concerns in sufferers of binge eating disorder. The research method was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest with experimental and control groups. The population of the study consisted of all the clients who were referred to Shiraz weight loss clinics from January to March 2018. Among the patients diagnosed with binge eating disorder, 30 clients were selected using purposive sampling method and administered Binge Eating Scale and Body Image Concern Inventory as pre-tests. They were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The experimental group received 8 sessions of 90-minutes acceptance and commitment therapy, and were tested again. The results showed that there was a significant difference between pre-test and post-test in the level of binge eating disorder symptoms and body image concerns in this group. This study showed that acceptance and commitment group therapy is effective in reducing binge eating and body image concerns in sufferers of binge eating disorder. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based cognitive Therapy on Cognitive-Emotional Regulation and Cognitive Flexibility of Gastrointestinal Patients
Seyedeh farzaneh Hosseini Zahra Tanha Javad Karimi عزت اله قدم پورGastrointestinal disorders, as one of the most common physical complaints, are examples of the relationship between mental and physical health. It is estimated that about 7 to 12 percent of all visits to physicians are related to gastrointestinal symptoms and disorders. MoreGastrointestinal disorders, as one of the most common physical complaints, are examples of the relationship between mental and physical health. It is estimated that about 7 to 12 percent of all visits to physicians are related to gastrointestinal symptoms and disorders. Therefore, the present study seeked to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on cognitive-emotional regulation and cognitive flexibility in gastrointestinal patients. The research method was quasi-experimental with pretestposttest design with unbalanced control group and its sample consisted of 30 subjects (15 persons for the experimental group and 15 persons for the control group) who were selected via available sampling method. Then, the members of the experimental group underwent mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for 8 sessions while the control group did not receive any treatment. The tests included the Cognitive-Emotional Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ) and Cognitive Flexibility Questionnaire (CFQ). The results of covariance analysis showed that the difference between the exerimental and control groups in cognitive-emotional regulation were statistically significant (P<0/05). The difference between experimental and control groups in cognitive flexibility was statistically significant (P<0/05). In general, mindfulness-based cognitive therapy had a significant effect on the overall scores of cognitive-emotional regulation and cognitive flexibility of these patients. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Ali Akbar Siassi, The Founder of Psychology in Iran: Biographical Introduction
Esmaeil Naseri: Psychology has been taught as "Elmon-Nafs" for more than a thousand years as one of the main branches of philosophy in scientific centers of Iran. In regard to Iranians' acquaintance with modern psychology Ali Akbar Siassi started teaching the first psycho-logy course More: Psychology has been taught as "Elmon-Nafs" for more than a thousand years as one of the main branches of philosophy in scientific centers of Iran. In regard to Iranians' acquaintance with modern psychology Ali Akbar Siassi started teaching the first psycho-logy course at the School of Political Science. Siassi's works and services have played a significant role in the development of scientific psychology in Iran, therefore he is known as the founder and the father of modern psychology in Iran. In this qualitative research, using biographical method, his scientific and cultural-political services were examined. The set of Siassi's activities and services can be grouped into two areas: teaching and expan-ding psychology in Iran, and improving the literacy and general culture of the inhabitants of Iran. Teaching the first psychology course, founding the first psychology lab, writing the first textbook of psychology, and founding the Iranian Psychological Association, are exam-ples of the first area, and developing the legal Teacher Training Bill, and passing the Com-pulsory and Free General Education Act are examples of the latter. The combination of these actions has made Siassi a permanent figure in the history of psychology in Iran that is short, and an influential figure in the field of promoting contemporary Iranian culture. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Comparison of the Health Literacy and the Lifestyle of Hospitalized Covid-19 Patients Admitted to the Hospital
Bita raesi Ensiyeh Nazari Dulabi Amirhoseyn AfzaliThe aim of this study was to compare the health literacy and the lifestyle of Covid-19 patients admitted to Shahid Firooz-abadi Hospital in Tehran's 20th district and non-covid-19 patients. For this purpose, 60 Covid 19 patients admitted to the hospital were compared to MoreThe aim of this study was to compare the health literacy and the lifestyle of Covid-19 patients admitted to Shahid Firooz-abadi Hospital in Tehran's 20th district and non-covid-19 patients. For this purpose, 60 Covid 19 patients admitted to the hospital were compared to 60 patients with diseases other than Covid-19. To achieve this goal, two questionnaires were submitted to the participants; Health literacy of Iran's Urban Population and Miller-Smith Lifestyle Assessment Ques naire. Data analysis was performed using central tendency analysis (mean), and multivariate analysis of variance. The results showed a significant difference between these two groups on the two variables of health literacy and lifestyle. The results showed that the Covid-19 patients had a higher level of health literacy than non-covid-19 patients. It is possible that covid-19 patients attempt to gather health-related information in order to accelerate the recovery process, to prevent other family members from getting infected, to reduce the side effects of medications and the disease, have led to an increase in health literacy in this group compared to non-covid-19 patients. Also, the unfavorable conditions and the long-term side-effects of Covid-19 have caused them to experience an unpleasant lifestyle compared to non-covid-19 patients. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Predicting Intimate Attitudes and Marital Happiness Based on self-Compassion and Communication Skills in Married female Students
Maryam Abedini سامره اسدي مجره Solmaz Avarideh Abbas Mirblouk BozorgiThe purpose of this study was to pre-dict intimate attitudes and marital happiness based on self- compassion and communication skills in married female students. The research method was descriptive and of correlational type. The statistical population of this study cons MoreThe purpose of this study was to pre-dict intimate attitudes and marital happiness based on self- compassion and communication skills in married female students. The research method was descriptive and of correlational type. The statistical population of this study consisted of all married students of Payame Noor Uni-versity of Talesh in the second half of the aca-demic year of 2019- 2020. Among them, a sample of 210 students were selected by available sampling method who completed the Self-Compassion Scale Short Form (SCS-SF), Communication Skills Test-Revised (CSTR), Intimate Attitude Scale (IAS(, and Marital Happiness Scale (MHS). Data were analyzed using descriptive indices, statistical methods of Pearson correlation coefficient, and stepwise regression analysis. The results showed that the listening skills, communication with determi-nation, and insight into the communication process were able to predict sincere attitude, and explained 32% of the changes in this variable. Also, ability to receive and send messages, self-compassion, listening, emotional control, and assertiveness, predicted 63% of the marital happiness variable (P<0.01). Based on the research findings, it can be concluded that communication skills and self-compassion are related to the marital intimacy and happiness of married students and are able to predict them. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Lasting contributions in psychology Philip George Zimbardo
Reza ZamaniPhilip George Zimbardo was born in 1933 in the US to a family of Sicilian immigrants. In 1954. He completed his B.A. with a triple major in Psychology, Sociology, and Anthropology. During his master's degree studies he was under the influence of Carl Hovland who conduct MorePhilip George Zimbardo was born in 1933 in the US to a family of Sicilian immigrants. In 1954. He completed his B.A. with a triple major in Psychology, Sociology, and Anthropology. During his master's degree studies he was under the influence of Carl Hovland who conducted research on the effect of propanda on soldiers during the war. For his Ph.D. disertation he studied the factors influencing opinion conformity. In 1957, he completed his Ph.D. in Psychology. He is well respected for his Stanford Prison Study. However, Zimbardo's research has concerned many areas of psychology. His research has been mainly centered on the issue of how good peaple can do evil deeds and how the power of the social situation can overwhelm and distort the values and behavior of individuals. His other areas of interest include shyness and motivation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - The Effect Of Cognitive Rehabilitation of Inhibitory Control on Hot Executive Functions: Risky Decision Making and Time Perception in Children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Batool Najjari Alamooti Javid Peymani Maryam Bahrami Hidaji Sheida Sodagar nahid Soomer havassiAbstract: The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of inhibitory control cognitive rehabilitation on hot executive functions: risky decision making and time perception in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. The resear MoreAbstract: The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of inhibitory control cognitive rehabilitation on hot executive functions: risky decision making and time perception in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. The research design was semi-experimental with a pre-test, post-test and follow-up with a control group. The statistical population includes male and female students between 7 and 12 years old in elementary schools of Tehran in the academic year 2020-2021 who were suffering from attention deficit/ hyperactiv ity disorder. Among them, 30 students were selected by purposeful sampling method and randomly placed in the experimental and control groups. The SNAP-IV Questionnaire, the Computerized Task Risk Analogue Balloon (BART) and the Time Reproduction Computer Task were used to collect information. For data analysis, using SPSS24 software, variance analysis method with repeated measurements was used. The results showed that there is difference in the perfor-mance of the experimen tal group and the control group in the components of: risky decision making and time perception for long-term intervals (P<0.05). However, compared to the control group, no significant difference was shown between the time reproduction component for short-term intervals in the experimental group. According to the results structured games aimed at enhancing interference inhibition and responding can improve hot executive functions, risky decision making and time perception (long-term intervals) in students with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Reliability and Validity of the Short Form of the Reflective Function Questionnaire
Fatemeh Arab Ali doosti محمود دهقانی maryam roshan somayeh robat miliThe aim of this study was to validate or determine the psychometric properties of the Reflection Function Questionnaire. The statistical population of this study included all students of Payam Noor universities in West Azerbaijan (Miandoab, Shahindej, Bukan, Urmia) and MoreThe aim of this study was to validate or determine the psychometric properties of the Reflection Function Questionnaire. The statistical population of this study included all students of Payam Noor universities in West Azerbaijan (Miandoab, Shahindej, Bukan, Urmia) and Tabriz who were studying in the academic year 2017-2018. Among them, 570 people were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling, and answered the 8-question Reflective Function Questionnaire (RFQ). The collected data was randomly divided into two equal parts (n=285) for exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The results obtained from exploratory factor analysis with principal components and oblimin rotation showed a two-factor structure which were named certainty and uncertainty. The amount of eigenvalue for certainty and uncertainty were 2.04 and 1.39, respectively. Also, the first factor (certainty) and the second factor (uncertainty) explained 25.56 and 13.42 percent of the variance of scores. The results of confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the bifactor structure (χ2=76.12, df=48, P=0.01; GFI=0.98; AGFI=0.96; CFI=0.98; RMSEA=0.03). Cronbach's alpha coefficients for factors were 0.78 and 0.76, respectively. In addition, the retest results for certainty and uncertainty factors were 0.76 and 0.73, respectively, and the composite reliability index for these two factors were 0.88 and 0.86, respectively. The results of Pearson's correlation to examine convergent validity with attachment styles and Emotion regulation difficulty showed that there is a significant relationship between these variables at the 0.01 level. Also, using the Fornell and Locker index, the discriminant validity of RFQ was confirmed. According to the obtained results, the validity and reliability of the Persian version of RFQ can be confirmed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Examining the Reliability, Factor Structure and Criterion Validity of Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale
Alireza Azimpour Tayebe Rahimi PordanjaniIn self-report questionnaires, possess social desirability bias can be seen. Then, assessing and controlling social desirability is one of the methods to promote the findings based from such questionnaires. One of the most popular instruments that assesses this bias is MoreIn self-report questionnaires, possess social desirability bias can be seen. Then, assessing and controlling social desirability is one of the methods to promote the findings based from such questionnaires. One of the most popular instruments that assesses this bias is 13-items Marlowe-Crowne Social Desir-ability Scale (MCSDS; Reynolds, 1982). However, the Persian version of it does not have satisfactory reliability. In this study, using data from some previous studies among university students (N=1439) and data from a longitudinal study among them (N=90), the scale was revalidated. Explanatory and confirmatory factor analysis, correlation between items and total score, discrimination of the items, relaiability by internal consistency method and examinaing the criterion validity by compairing annonymouse and named questionaires, all were done among the first testing sample. In addition, test-retest reliability testing was done on the longitudinal study. Explanatory factor analysis has shown that the scale consists of three factors. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the three-factor model among the entire sample. Howevere, focusing on the meaning factor leaded ambiguity for naming of the items at any factor leaded ambiguity for naming the factors. In addition, criterion validity, internal consis-tency, and stability of the factors, also discrimination of the items, all questioned the reliability and the validity of the first and the third factors. It seems that they assess another things than social desirability. By omitting the first and the third factors, seven items were remained that are suitable to assess social desirability bias for the studies that use self-report questionairs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Relationship Between Perceived Stress And Craving Usage with Predicting Relapse in Stimulants Users Mediated By Self-Control
roya jalili Javad KHalatbari Hassan Ahadai shohreh ghorban shiroudiThe purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between perceived stress and craving for consumption with predicting people's return to stimulants with the mediation of self-control. This research was method descriptive-correlative. The statistical MoreThe purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between perceived stress and craving for consumption with predicting people's return to stimulants with the mediation of self-control. This research was method descriptive-correlative. The statistical population of this research included all people who used stimulants, hospitalized in care centers in Tehran in 1400 (2019). For sample selection, 250 persons were randomly selected based on the structural modeling formula. In order to collect information, Cohen's Perceived Stress Scale, Franken's Substance Craving, Wright's Substance Return Prediction and Tanji's Self-Control Scales were used. The analysis of the research data, using the path analysis method, showed that there is a positive and significant relationship (P<0.01) between perceived stress and predicting return to stimulants with the mediation of self-control and between drug craving and predicting return to stimulants with The mediation of self-control. Also, there were a negative and significant relationship (P<0.01) between self-control and predicting return to stimulants. Thus, it can be concluded that with increase in perceived stress and the urge to use, the return to use of stimulants increases and the amount of self-control decreases, and with decrease of self-control, the return to use of stimulants increases. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Effectiveness of Schema-Therapy on Eating Styles Happy Child and Healthy Adults Modes in Obese People with Binge Eating Disorder: A Single-Case Study
Maryam Nourizadeh Mirabadi Marjan Hoseinzadeh Taghvaee Reza Moloodi Sheida Sodagar Maryam Bahrami HidajiThe present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of schema therapy on eating styles and happy child and healthy adults Modes modes in obese people with binge eating disorder. The design of the current research was semi-experimental with a MoreThe present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of schema therapy on eating styles and happy child and healthy adults Modes modes in obese people with binge eating disorder. The design of the current research was semi-experimental with a single case structure of ABA type. The statistical population of the study included obese women suffering from binge eating disorder who referred to a slimming clinic in Tehran in 2014-2016. The study sample consisted of eight obese women according to the inclusion criteria. Data collection tools included the Dutch Eating Styles Questionnaire (1986), the Young Schema Modes Questionnaire (2008) and a semi-structured interview. Schema therapy was implemented in form of 20 90-minute group sessions and 4 additional 45-minute individual sessions. The participants were evaluated 3 times in the baseline phase, 10 times in the intervention phase, and 8 weeks after the intervention, they were followed up 4 times every 2 weeks using the measurement tool. In order to analyze the data, the participants' scores were collected individually during the three stages of baseline, ten stages of intervention and four stages of follow-up, and then by using the trend chart and interpreting the ups and downs of the scores. Participants were visually analyzed in different stages of baseline, intervention and follow-up. Then, by using the effect size indices, the percentage of non-overlapping data (PND), and the percentage of improvement and the valid change index (RCI), the effectiveness of the treatment was determined. The findings showed that in most of the participants, in the intervention stage compared to the baseline stage the scores of efficient modes; The happy child and healthy adult had an upward and increasing trend. For all the participants, The scores of emotional eating styles all people and external for most of them, and inhibited eating styles also had a downward and decreasing trend. Also, the RCI index scores indicated the stability of schema therapy results in the follow-up phase. Manuscript profile